Siab Vessel Steel
Dab tsi yog Lub Hwj Huam Hlau Hlau?
Pressure Vessel Steel Phaj, feem ntau hu ua "Boiler Phaj," tshwj xeebcarbon thiab qis- alloy kub- dov steel phajsiv feem ntau los tsim khoomcov hlab ntsha siab, boiler nruas, thiab lwm yam pressurized Cheebtsam. Cov ntaub ntawv no feem ntau ua haujlwm hauv qhov kub thiab txias-20℃rau 500 degree, nrog rau cov qib siab -kev ua tau zoo-xws li tus qauv16 MnR,P265GH, P295GH, P355GH, A387, A537, A612hlau- muaj peev xwm ncav cuag560 degree.
Vim tias cov hlab ntsha no ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis zoo, suav nrog kev kub siab, kev kub ntxhov siab, thiab cov xov xwm corrosive, lawv yuav tsum ua raws li rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm:
1. Lub zog muaj zog:Muaj peev xwm tiv taus lub siab loj ntawm sab hauv los ntawm chav, gases, lossis kua, tiv thaiv cov yas deformation lossis kev puas tsuaj loj.
2.Excellent Toughness thiab Plasticity:Resistance rau brittle fracture thaum lub sij hawm hloov siab los yog kub shocks, kom ntseeg tau siab tawg kev loj hlob kuj.
3.Superior Weldability:Cov nkoj feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev siv vuam; cov hlau yuav tsum yooj yim rau welding thaum xyuas kom cov kev sib koom ua ke tswj cov khoom siv zoo ib yam li cov niam txiv hlau.
4.High-Tsub Ua Haujlwm:
- Creep Resistance:Ua kom ruaj khov yam tsis muaj qeeb deformation (creep) los yog rupture nyob rau hauv tas li muaj kev ntxhov siab thiab kub.
- Oxidation Resistance:Tiv thaiv corrosive nplai los ntawm siab -kub los yog cua.
5.Low-Tsub Toughness:Rau cov ntawv thov cryogenic (piv txwv li, LNG, kua ammonia), cov hlau yuav tsum nyob twj ywm kom tiv thaiv "tsawg- kub nkig tawg."
6. Corrosion Resistance:Muaj peev xwm tiv taus tshuaj lom neeg thiab hluav taws xob tawm tsam los ntawm kev tshaj tawm xws li Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S), ammonia, acids, thiab alkalis.
Classification ntawm Pressure Vessel Steels
1. Kev faib tawm los ntawm Chemical Composition
Cov tshuaj pleev ib ce txiav txim siab cov hlau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev thiab txhua yam ciam teb.
Carbon Steel:
- Kev sib xyaw:Feem ntau Hlau thiab Carbon nrog me me ntawm Manganese (Mn) thiab Silicon (Si).
- Yam ntxwv:Qhov sib npaug zoo heev ntawm lub zog thiab tus nqi -kev ua tau zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv corrosion, txwv tsis pub nws siv nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hnyav heev.
- Hom Qib:
ASTM / ASME:SA-516 (Qib 55, 60, 65, 70); SA-515 (Qib 60, 65, 70); ASTM A285 (Qib A, B, C).
Cov European Union (EN 10028-2):P265GH, P295GH, P355GH.
Suav (GB 713): Q245R, Q345R.
Tsawg Alloy Steel:
- Kev sib xyaw:Muaj 1% mus rau 5% alloying ntsiab los txhim kho kev ua tau zoo.
- Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb:
Chromium (Cr):Txhim kho lub zog, hardness, thiab oxidation kuj.
Molybdenum (Molybdenum):Txhim kho siab - qhov kub thiab txias (txias tsis kam) thiab corrosion kuj.
Nickel (Ni):Ntxiv toughness thiab tseem ceeb tsis kam mus rau qis kub.
- Hom Qib:
ASME SA-387:Qib 11, Qib 22 (Cr-Mo steels).
ASTM A204 Txuj:Qib A, B, C (Molybdenum alloy).
ASTM A533 Cov Lus Qhia:Chav Kawm 1, Chav Kawm 2 (Mn-Mo-Ni alloy rau nuclear reactors).
TS EN 10028-2:16Mo3, 13CrMo4-5, 10CrMo9-10.
GB 713: ib.12Cr1MoV, 15CrMoR.
2. Kev faib tawm los ntawm Kev Pabcuam Ib puag ncig
Siab-Tsub & Siab-Pressure:Siv nyob rau hauv reactors thiab coke nruas.
Qib:15CrMoR, 12Cr2Mo1R (SA387 Gr22), 10CrMo9-10.
Tsawg-Tsub/Cryogenic Service:Siv rau liquefied gas cia.
Qib:ASTM A612, A662, A735, A203, A645.
Suav:09MnNiDR, 16MnDR, 15MnNiDR ("DR" qhia tias Low-Temp Vessel).
Japanese (JIS):SL1N, SL2N, JIS G3126.
Siab -Lub zog Quenched & Tempered (Q&T):
Qib:ASTM A517, A537, A724, JIS G3115.
Suav:18MnMoNbR, 13MnNiMoR (siv rau hnyav-phab ntsa siab- khoom siv siab).
3. Kev faib tawm los ntawm Qib Siab (Tensile Strength N/mm2)
Raws li Table 6-7-3 "Quality Indicators for Pressure Vessel Plates":
310-350 N / hli2:ASTM A285, BS1501, DIN 17175, GOST 5520.
360-380 N / hli2:ASTM A285, A515, A516, A442, GOST 5520.
390-410 N / hli2:ASTM A515/516, A442, JIS G3116/G3103/G3118/G3115.
430-450 N / hli2:ASTM A515/516, JIS G3116/G3103/G3118.
480–490 N / hli2:ASTM A515/516, A537, A737, JIS G3116/G3113/G3118/G3115, GB 713.
510–530 N / hli2:ASTM A455, A299, DIN 17155, JIS G3115.
Dimensions, Specifications, thiab Quality Standards
- Thickness Ntau:Feem ntau los ntawm5mm txog 200mm, nrog rau cov thickness tshwj xeeb raws li cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb.
- Geometric Control:nruj tolerances rau cov duab, flatness, thiab squareness.
- Nto Zoo:Cov teeb meem ntawm qhov chaw xws li tawg, khawb, dov npuas, impurities, thiab nias- hauv nplai yog txwv nruj me ntsis. Kev tshem tawm ntawm qhov tsis xws luag tsuas yog tso cai yog tias qhov seem seem nyob hauv qhov tso cai kam rau ua.
- Internal Integrity:Lamination (sab hauv txheej) feem ntau tsis tso cai thiab raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm kev kuaj ultrasonic.
Chemical Chemical Indicators (Carbon Steel Focus)
Lub zog hauv carbon steel feem ntau nce nrog cov ntsiab lus carbon.
- Cov pa roj carbon (C):Feem ntau ntawm0.16% thiab 0.33%. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas txiav txim siab lub zog ntawm lub phaj.
- Silicon (Si) & Manganese (Mn):Si (0.10%–0.55%) thiab Mn (0.4%–1.6%) yog siv los txhim kho cov khoom zoo thiab toughness.
- Kev tswj hwm impurity:Cov qib zoo tshaj plaws txwv cov tooj liab (Cu < 0.30%), Chromium (Cr < 0.25%), Nickel (Ni < 0.30%), Molybdenum (Mo < 0.10%), thiab Vanadium (V < 0.03%).
Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab Advanced Technologies
Txhawm rau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv huab cua huab cua, kev tsim khoom yog qhov nruj dua li cov qauv steel qauv:
- Smelting:Siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los yog hluav taws xob ua raws li kev hloov kho theem nrab (LF, RH, lossis VD) thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev degassing kom txo qis cov pa phem (O, H, N) thiab impurities (P, S).
- Casting:Nruam casting nrog electromagnetic nplawm kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv sab hauv zoo thiab txo kev sib cais.
- Kev kho cua sov:
Normalizing (N):Refines grain qauv, txhim kho toughness thiab lub zog.
Normalizing + Tempering (N + T):Relieves internal stresses thiab stabilizes lub microstructure.
Quenching + Tempering (Q + T):Muab qhov zoo tshaj qhov sib npaug ntawm lub zog siab thiab ductility rau cov qib tshwj xeeb.
Tswj Rolling:Precise tswj ntawm kub thiab deformation kom refine grain loj.
Kev Xeem thiab Kev Xaiv Cov Cai
1. Yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam
- Kev kuaj ultrasonic (UT): 100% UT kev tshuaj xyuasyog ib qho yuav tsum tau ua kom paub txog kev delamination los yog suav nrog.
- Mechanical Testing:Txhua lub phaj yuav tsum tau txais kev tensile, cuam tshuam (V-ntaus ntawm chav tsev thiab qhov kub thiab txias), thiab kev sim khoov.
- High -Tsub Tensile Test:Yuav tsum tau rau steels npaj rau siab - cua sov kev pab cuam.
2. Xaiv Logic
- Tsim Siab & Kub:Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev xaiv cov khoom siv (piv txwv li, Cr-Mo rau cua sov, Ni- alloy rau txias).
- Media Properties:Kev muaj cov corrosive agents xws li H2S yuav tsum tau HIC-resistant los yog Cr-Mo steels.
- Phab ntsa Thickness:Hnyav- cov hlab ntsa ntsa yuav tsum tau cov hlau uas muaj zog hardenability kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm zoo ib yam.
- Weldability:Ntsuas los ntawm Carbon Equivalent (CEV lossis CET); Cov nqi qis dua qhia tau yooj yim dua ntawm vuam.
- Txoj Cai Ua Raws Cai:Kev nruj nruj rau cov lej zoo liASME VIII Div.1los yogGB 150 ib.
Cov ntawv thov kev lag luam
Kev tsim hluav taws xob:Boiler nruas, headers, thiab phab ntsa dej.
Petrochemicals:Reactors, heat exchangers, distillation columns, thiab spherical tanks (LPG, Oxygen, Nitrogen).
Coal & Fine Chemicals:Gasifiers, scrubbers, thiab pressurized tshuaj tiv thaiv kettles.
Nuclear Zog:Containment nkoj, pressurizers, thiab chav generator txhawb nqa.
Kev thauj mus los:Cov tsheb tshwj xeeb tank tsheb rau kev tsheb ciav hlau thiab txoj kev (LPG / Kua ammonia).
[ Tiv tauj peb]rau cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxaws, cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj (MTC), thiab tus nqi tshiab tshaj plaws rau ASME, EN, thiab GB standard siab nkoj daim hlau.
Kev sib piv thoob ntiaj teb ntawm Cov Qib Hlau rau Boilers thiab Cov Nkoj Siab
Ntu 1: GB 713-2008 Standard (Steel Phaj rau Boilers thiab Pressure Vessels)
| Tuam Tshoj (GB/YB) | USA (ASTM) | Nyiv (JIS) | Teb chaws Europe (DIN / BS / NF EN) | Russia (GOST) | ISO |
| Q245R(Prev. 20g, 20R) | A414/A414M Gr. D | (JIS G3124) SEV 25 | S235JR (1.0038), S235J0 (1.0114), S235J2 (1.0117) | Ст3кп | P235GH |
| Q345R(Prev. 16Mng, 19Mng, 16MnR) | A737/A737M Gr. B | (JIS G3124) SEV 345 | S355JR (1.0045), S355J0 (1.0553), S355J2 (1.0577), S355K2 (1.0596) | 17 C., 15 XCV | P355GH |
| Q370R(Prev. 15MnNbR) | A572/A572M Gr. 50 (345) | (JIS G3115) SPV 355 | S355JR (1.0045), S355J0 (1.0553), S355J2 (1.0577), S355K2 (1.0596) | 10Г2Б | P355GH |
| 18 MnMoNbR | A735/A735M Gr. 1 | (JIS G3115) SPV410 | — | — | — |
| 13 MnNiMoR(Prev. 13MnNiCrMoNbg, 13MnNiMoNbR) | A738/A738M Gr. B | — | — | — | 15 NiCuMoNb 5-6-4 |
| 15 CrMoR(Prev. 15CrMog) | A387/A387M Gr. 12 (K11757) | (JIS G4109) SCMV2 | 18 CrMo4 | 15 XM | 13CrMo4-5 (ASME: 14CrMo4-5) |
| 14Cr1MoR | A387/A387M Gr. 11 (K11789) | (JIS G4109) SCMV3 | 18 CrMo4 | 15 XM | 13CrMoSi5-5 (ASME: 14CrMoSi5-6) |
| 12Cr2Mo1R | A387/A387M Gr. 22 (K21590) | (JIS G4109) SCMV4 | — | — | 10CrMo9-10 (ASME: 13CrMo9-10 / 14CrMo9-10) |
| 12Cr1MoVR(Prev. 12Cr1MoVg) | — | — | — | — | — |
Ntu 2: GB 5310-1995 Standard (Seamless Steel Tubes rau siab -Siab Boilers)
| Tuam Tshoj (GB/YB) | USA (ASTM) | Nyiv (JIS) | Lub teb chaws Yelemees (DIN EN) | Russia (GOST) | ISO |
| 20G | 1020 | (JIS G3461) STB340 | C22 (1.0402), C20C (1.0411) | 20 | — |
| 20 MnG | 1022 | TIAB SA 410 | C22 (1.0402) | 20Г | — |
| 25 MnG | 1026 | TIAB SA 510 | C26D (1.0415) | 25Г | — |
| 15 MOG | ASTM A692 (Tshwj xeeb qib, tsis muaj code) | (JIS G3462) STBA 12 | — | — | 16 hmo 3 |
| 20 MOG | ASTM A209 / A209M T1a | (JIS G3462) STBA13 | — | — | — |
| 12 CrMoG | ASTM A250 T2 | SIB 20 | — | — | 13CrMo4-5 |
| 15 CrMoG | ASTM A250 T12 | SIB 22 | — | — | 13CrMoSi5-5 |
| 12Cr2MoG | ASTM A250 T22 | SIB 24 | — | — | 10CrMo9-10 |
| 12Cr1MoVG | — | — | — | — | — |
| 12Cr2MoWVTiB | — | — | — | — | — |
| 12Cr3MoVSiTiB | — | — | — | — | 12CrMoV12-10 |
| 10Cr9Mo1VNb | ASTM A199 / A199M T91 | SIB 26 | — | — | X10CrMoVNb9-1 |
| 07Cr18Ni11 Nb(Prev. 1Cr19Ni11Nb) | 347H | SUS 347 H | X7CrNiNb18-10 (1.4912) | — | X7CrNiNb18-10 |
Ntu 3: GB 13396-2007 Standard (Stainless Steels rau Cov Khoom Siv Siab)
| Tuam Tshoj (GB/YB) | USA (ASTM) | Nyiv (JIS) | Teb chaws Europe (DIN / BS / NF EN) | Russia (GOST) | ISO |
| 06Cr19Ni10(Prev. 0Cr18Ni9) | A213 TSO 304 | SUS 304 | X5CrNi18-10 (1.4301) | — | X5CrNi18-10 |
| 12 Cr18Ni 9(Prev. 1Cr18Ni9) | — | — | X10CrNi18-8 (1.4310) | 12X18H9 | X10CrNi18-8 |
| 1c19n 9 | TP 304 H | SUS304 HTB | X6CrNi18-10 (1.4948) | — | X7CrNi18-9 |
| 022Cr19Ni10(Prev. 00Cr19Ni10) | TP 304 L | SUS 304 LTB | X2CrNi19-11 (1.4306) | 03X18H11 | X2CrNi19-11 |
| 06Cr18Ni11 Ti(Prev. 0Cr18Ni10Ti) | TIAB SA 321 | SUS 321 TB | X6CrNiTi18-10 (1.4541) | 08X18H10T | X6CrNiTi18-10 |
| 07Cr19Ni11 Ti(Prev. 1Cr18Ni11Ti) | TP 321 H | SUS 321 HTB | X6CrNiTi18-10 (1.4541) | 12X18H11T | X7CrNiTi18-10 |
| 06Cr18Ni11 Nb(Prev. 0Cr18Ni11Nb) | TIAB SA 347 | SUS 347 TB | X6CrNiNb18-10 (1.4550) | 08X18H12Б | X6CrNiNb18-10 |
| 07Cr18Ni11 Nb(Prev. 1Cr19Ni11Nb) | TP 347 H | SUS347 HTB | X7CrNiNb18-10 (1.4912) | — | X7CrNiNb18-10 |
| 06Cr17Ni12Mo2(Prev. 0Cr17Ni12Mo2) | TIAB SA 316 | SUS 316 TB | X5CrNiMo17-12-2 (1.4401) | — | X5CrNiMo17-12-2 |
| 07Cr17Ni12Mo2(Prev. 1Cr17Ni12Mo2) | TP 316 H | SUS 316 HTB | X3CrNiMo17-13-3 (1.4436) | — | — |
| 0Cr18Ni12Mo2 Ti | TP 316 Ti | SUS 316 TSI | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 (1.4571) | — | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 |
| 1Cr18Ni12Mo2 Ti | TP 316 Ti | SUS 316 TSI | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 (1.4571) | — | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 |
| 06Cr17Ni12Mo3 Ti(Prev. 0Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti) | TP 316 Ti | SUS 316 TSI | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 (1.4571) | 08X17H13M3T | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 |
| 1Cr18Ni12Mo3 Ti | TP 316 Ti | SUS 316 TSI | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 (1.4571) | 08X17H13M3T | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 |
| 1Cr18Ni9 Ti | TIAB SA 321 | SUS 321 TB | X6CrNiTi18-10 (1.4541) | 12X18H10T | X7CrNiTi18-10 |
| 06Cr19Ni13Mo3(Prev. 0Cr19Ni13Mo3) | TIAB SA 317 | SUS 317 TB | — | — | — |
| 022Cr19Ni13Mo3(Prev. 00Cr19Ni13Mo3) | TIAB SA 317L | SUS 317 LTB | X2CrNiMo18-15-4 (1.4438) | 03X16H15M3 | X2CrNiMo 18-15-4 (1.4438) |
| 022Cr19Ni10 N(Prev. 00Cr18Ni10N) | TP 304 LN | SUS 304 LN | X2CrNiN18-10 (1.4311) | — | X2CrNiN18-9 |
| 06Cr19Ni10 N(Prev. 0Cr19Ni9N) | TP 304 N | — | X5CrNiN19-9 (1.4315) | — | X5CrNiN19-9 |
| 06Cr23Ni13(Prev. 0Cr23Ni13) | TIAB SA 309S | SUS 309 SWB | X12CrNi23-13 (1.4833) | 10X23H13 | X12CrNi23-13 |
| 16Cr23Ni13(Prev. 2Cr23Ni13) | — | SUS 309 TB | X15CrNiSi20-12 (1.4828) | 20X23H12 | — |
Ntu 4: GB 3531-1996 thiab GB/T 18984-2003 Standards (Tsawg-Temperature Steels)
| Tuam Tshoj (GB/YB) | USA (ASTM) | Nyiv (JIS) | Teb chaws Europe (DIN / BS / NF EN) | Russia (GOST) | ISO |
| 16 MnDR | A572/A572M Gr. 50 [345] | (JIS G3460) STPL380 (JIS G3464) STBL380 | E335 (1.0060) | 15 XCHJ | E355 |
| 15 MnNiDR | Gr{0}} [345] | STPL380, STBL380 | E335 (1.0060) | 15 XCHJ | E355 |
| 09Mn2VDR | A572/A572M Gr. 42 [290] | STPL 450, SWB 450 | E295 (1.0050) | 09Г2, 09Г2Д | E275 |
| 09 MnNiDR | Gr . 42 [290] | STPL 450, SWB 450 | E295 (1.0050) | 09Г2, 09Г2Д | E275 |
| 16 MnDG | Gr{0}} [345] | STPL380, STBL380 | E335 (1.0060) | 15 XCHJ | E355 |
| 10 MnDG | A283/A283M Gr. D | (JIS G3101) SS400 | S235JR (1.0038) | Ст3кп | E235A |
| 09dg ua | Gr. C | SIB 330 | — | Ст2кп | — |
| 09mn2 wb | A572/A572M Gr. 42 [290] | (JIS G3460) STPL 450 (JIS G3464) STBL 450 | E295 (1.0050) | 09Г2, 09Г2Д | E275 |
| 06Ni3MoDG | Gr . 42 [290] | STPL 450, SWB 450 | E295 (1.0050) | 09Г2, 09Г2Д | E275 |
Raws li ib qho ntawm cov ua lag luam thiab cov neeg muag khoom nyob rau hauv Suav teb, peb sov siab txais tos koj mus yuav cov khoom lag luam wholesale siab steel hauv Tshuag ntawm no thiab tau txais cov qauv dawb los ntawm peb lub hoobkas. Tag nrho cov khoom customized yog nrog cov khoom zoo thiab tus nqi qis.